SHAKESPEARE AND THE CINEMA

     Se um diálogo entre livro e filme já é interessante, este pode ser mais ainda se for  com Shakespeare, primeiro porque temos três linguagens, a do livro, a semiótica do cinema e a linguagem do espetáculo nos palcos. 

     Há apenas algumas semanas atrás tivemos Hamlet em Curitiba, com Wagner Moura como o príncipe da Dinamarca, a opinião ficou dividida, há quem diga que o sotaque carioca não agradou e que o cenário ficou a desejar. Shakespeare é, como diz Harold Bloom, o inventor do gênero humano, o dramaturgo que mais tem peças encenadas no mundo. Na Alemanha, por exemplo, onde existem mais de 250 companhias de teatro, a maioria das peças escolhidas são de Shakespeare. 

     A lista abaixo mostra as versões de suas obras para cinema e algumas adaptações também. Como não está incluso na lista, é importante acrescentar que o dramaturgo inglês vem enriquecendo as produções brasileiras há muito tempo. Destaque para a novela global O Cravo e a Rosa baseada em A Megera Domada, e Pedra Sobre Pedra, onde encontramos um intertexto de Lima Duarte: "há algo de podre em Tubiacanga" rementendo a Hamlet com "há algo de podre no reino da Dinamarca".

CLASSIC LITERATURE ON FILM - SHAKESPEARE

• Hamlet (1948) starring Laurence Olivier, Jean Simmons (Directed by Laurence Olivier).
• Hamlet (1964) starring Richard Burton (directed by John Gielgud).
• Hamlet (1991) starring Mel Gibson, Glenn Close (Directed by Franco Zeffirelli).
• Hamlet (1996) starring Kenneth Branagh, Kate Winslet (Directed by Kenneth Branagh).
• Hamlet (1999) starring Kevin Kline, MacIntyre Dixon.
• Hamlet (2000) starring Ethan Hawke, Kyle MacLachlan, Julia Stiles, Sam Shephard.
• Hamlet (2002) starring and directed by Kevin Kline for TV.
• Romeo & Juliet (1936) starring Megan Follows.
• Romeo & Juliet (1936) starring Leslie Howard, Norma Shearer.
• Romeo & Juliet (1954) starring Lawrence Harvey, Susan Shentall.
• Romeo & Juliet (1968) starring Olivia Hussey, Leonard Whiting (Dir. Franco Zeffirelli).
• Romeo & Juliet (1988) starring Christopher Neame, Ann Hasson.
• Romeo & Juliet (1994) starring Geraldine Somerville and Jonathan Firth.
• Romeo & Juliet (1996) starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Claire Danes.
• MacBeth (1948) starring Orson Welles, Jeanette Nolan (Directed by Orson Welles).
• MacBeth (1971) starring Jon Finch, Francesca Annis (Directed by Roman Polanski).
• MacBeth (1978), starring Sir Ian McKellern and Dame Judi Dench.
• MacBeth (1989) starring Michael Jayston.
• MacBeth (1997) starring Sean Pertwee, Greta Scacchi.
• MacBeth starring Jeremy Brett, Piper Laurie.
• Henry V (1944) starring Laurence Olivier.
• Henry V (1989) starring Kenneth Branagh, Derek Jacobi.
• Othello (1952) starring Orson Welles, Micheál MacLiammóir.
• Othello (1965) starring Laurence Olivier as the black Othello.
• Othello (1995) starring Laurence Fishburne, Irène Jacob, Kenneth Branagh.
• Much Ado About Nothing (1973) starring Sam Waterston, Kathleen Widdoes.
• Much Ado About Nothing (1993) starring Kenneth Branagh (Director), Emma Thompson.
• Tempest (1979) directed by Derek Jarman.
• Tempest (1982) starring John Cassavettes, Molly Ringwald, Susan Sarandon.
• Tempest (1998) starring Peter Fonda.
• King Lear (1953) starring Orson Welles.
• King Lear (1970) starring Cyril Cusack, Barry Stanton.
• King Lear (1974) starring James Earl Jones.
• King Lear (1984) starring Laurence Olivier, Diana Rigg, John Hurt, Leo McKern.
• King Lear (1987) starring Patrick Magee
• King Lear (1998) starring Ian Holm, Barbara Flynn, Amanda Redman.
• Richard III (1956) starring Laurence Olivier (director), Ralph Richardson, John Gielgud.
• Richard III (1995) starring Ian McKellen, Annette Bening.
• Midsummer Night's Dream (1996) starring Lindsay Duncan, Alex Jennings.
• Midsummer Night's Dream (1999) starring Kevin Kline, Michelle Pfeiffer, Rupert Everett, Calista Flockhart.
• Twelth Night (1988) starring Richard Briers, Caroline Langrish (Dir. K. Branagh)
• Twelth Night (1996) starring Helena Bonham Carter, Richard E. Grant, Ben Kingsley.
• Titus (Titus Andronicus - 2000) starring Anthony Hopkins, Jessica Lange.
• As You Like It (1936), starring Laurence Olivier.
• The Merchant Of Venice (1973), starring Laurence Olivier and Joan Plowright.
• Anthony & Cleopatra (1974), starring Patrick Stewart, Janet Suzman.
• BBC Shakespeare Tragedies DVD Giftbox, starring Sir John Gielgud, Anthony Hopkins, Patrick Stewart, Derek Jacobi, Claire Bloom, Nicol Williamson, Jane Lapotaire, Bob Hoskins - includes Romeo & Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Julius Ceasar, Othello. 
• Time now for Shakespearean purists to look away !
• Shakespeare In Love (1998), a tale of how Shakespeare might have lived, starring Gwyneth Paltrow, Joseph Fiennes, Judi Dench, Colin Firth.
• The Reduced Shakespeare Company - The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged) (2000),
• a satirical adaptation of the complete works (abridged).
• The Reduced Shakespeare Company - The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged) (2002),
• this seems to be a different version to that above, but no guarantees - double checking needed.
• The Taming of the Shrew (1967) , a Hollywood movie version - directed by Franco Zeffirelli, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton.
• 10 Things I Hate About You (1999), modern teen flick based upon The Taming of the Shrew, starring Heath Ledger, Julia Stiles.
• Julius Ceasar (1953), a Hollywood movie version, starring Marlon Brando, James Mason, Sir John Gielgud.
• Julius Ceasar (1970), a Hollywood movie version, starring Charlton Heston, Sir John Gielgud, Diana Rigg.
• Love’s Labour’s Lost (2000), starring Kenneth Branagh, Alicia Silverstone, Timothy Spall, (Directed by Kenneth Branagh), modern musical adaptation.
• Othello (2002), a modern TV retelling of the story with Othello as a black London police officer, starring Eamon Walker, Christopher Ecclestone.
• ‘O’ (Othello - 2001), starring Mekhi Phifer, Julia Stiles.
• West Side Story (1961), a musical based on Romeo and Juliet, starring Natalie Wood.
• Romeo & Juliet (1992) - animated version for children.
• Hamlet (1992), animated version for children - 30 minutes long.
• Midsummer Night's Dream (1998) animated version for children.
• MacBeth (1992) animated version.
• Rosencrantz And Guildenstern Are Dead (1991), film adaptation of the play by Tom Stoppard of two of the minor characters from Hamlet - their story is brilliantly told in the spaces between the Shakespeare play, amazing performances from Gary Oldman and Tim Roth, and directed by . . . Tom Stoppard himself.
• Prospero's Books (1991), based on The Tempest, starring Sir John Gielgud.
• Ran (1985), Japanese master Director Akira Kurosawa interpretation of King Lear set in 16th Century Japan.
• Throne Of Blood (1961), Akira Kurosawa interpretation of MacBeth, also set 16th Century Japan.
• Forbidden Planet (1956), classic science fiction interpretation of The Tempest, starring Walter Pidgeon.
• A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy (1982), loose Woody Allen version with Woody Allen, Mia Farrow.
• Kiss Me Kate (1953), The Taming of the Shrew as a musical, starring Kathryn Grayson, Howard Keel.
• The Lion King (1994), animated Disney movie based on Hamlet, voices by Matthew Broderick, Jeremy Irons, James Earl Jones, Whoopi Goldberg, Rowan Atkinson.
• TV Adaptations (thanks to Rosie Cotton), but may no longer be available on film/DVD/video
• As You Like It (1978), starring Helen Mirren, Brian Stirner.
• Romeo and Juliet (1978), starring Patrick Ryecart, Rebecca Saire, John Gielgud, Alan Rickman.
• King Richard the Second (1978), starring Derek Jacobi, John Gielgud, Jon Finch.
• Julius Caesar (1979), starring Charles Gray, Richard Pasco, Keith Michell.
• Henry IV, Part I (1979), starring Jon Finch, Anthony Quayle.
• The Merchant of Venice (1980), starring Gemma Jones, Warren Mitchell, John Franklyn-Robbins.
• Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (1980), starring Derek Jacobi, Patrick Stewart, Claire Bloom.
• The Taming of the Shrew (1980), starring John Cleese.
• The Tempest (1980), starring Michael Hordern.
• Twelfth Night (1980), starring Helena Bonham Carter, Imogen Stubbs, Ben Kingsley, Richard E. Grant.
• Othello (1981), starring Anthony Hopkins, Bob Hoskins.
• A Midsummer Night's Dream (1981), starring Robert Lindsay.
• Cymbeline (1982), starring Ricahrd Johnson, Helen Mirren, Robert Lindsay.
• King Lear (1982), starring Michael Hordern, Michael Kitchen, Brenda Blethyn.
• Macbeth (1983), starring Nicol Willilamson, Jane Lapotaire.
• The Tragedy of Richard the Third (1983), starring Ron Cook, Annette Crosbie.
• Much Ado About Nothing (1984), starring Robert Lindsay, Cherie Lunghi.